Estimation of salivary and serum alkaline phosphatase level as a diagnostic marker in type-2 diabetes mellitus with periodontal health and disease: A clinico-biochemical study.

Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial disease resulting in the inflammation and destruction of the supporting structures around the teeth, leading to tooth mobility and subsequent loss of tooth. Metabolic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus, play a crucial role in the progression of periodontal inflammatory conditions. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme plays a key role in gingival inflammation and bone resorption. Hence, the aim of the present study is to compare the serum and salivary alkaline phosphatase levels in chronic periodontitis patients with or without type-2 diabetes mellitus.A total of 45 individuals were included in the study and divided into three groups: Group I (healthy individual), Group II (Chronic periodontitis without diabetes mellitus type-2) and Group III (Chronic periodontitis with type-2 diabetes mellitus) on the basis of clinical, radiographic and blood sugar examination. The serum and unstimulated saliva were collected from all patients in aseptic condition and samples were analyzed for alkaline phosphatase level using AVANTOR™ Benesphera ALP Kit by fully automated analyzer.The result showed that the concentration of serum and salivary alkaline phosphatase increases significantly in patients with chronic periodontitis with type-2 diabetes mellitus than chronic periodontitis without diabetes mellitus and healthy patients.We can conclude that alkaline phosphatase can be used as a key inflammatory diagnostic biomarker in periodontal diseases.