Antioxidant effects and in vitro cytotoxicity on human cancer cell lines of flavonoid-rich Flamboyant (Delonix regia (Bojer) Raf.) flower extract
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Анотація
Background: Cancer is a noncommunicable disease with increasing incidence and mortality rates both worldwide and in Thailand. Its apparent lack of effective treatments is posing challenging public health issues.
Introduction: Encouraging research results indicating probable anti-cancer properties of the Delonix regia flower extract (DRE) have prompted us to evaluate the feasibility of developing a type of product for future cancer prevention or treatment.
Methods and results: In the present report, using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), we demonstrate in the DRE, the presence of high concentrations of three identifiable flavonoids, namely rutin 4.15±0.30 % w/w, isoquercitrin 3.04±0.02 %w/w, and myricetin 2.61±0.01 % w/w respectively while the IC50 of DPPH and ABTS assay antioxidation activity was 66.88±6.30 µg/ml and 53.65±7.24 µg/ml respectively.
Discussion: Our cancer cell line studies using the MTT assay demonstrated DREs potent and dose dependent inhibition of murine leukemia cell line (P-388: 35.28±4.07% of cell viability remaining), as well as of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human cervical carcinoma (HeLa), human oral cavity carcinoma (KB), and human colon carcinoma (HT-29) cell lines in that order of magnitude.
Conclusion: Three identifiable flavonoids (rutin, isoquercitrin and myricetin) with high antioxidation activity and potent and dose dependent inhibition of murine leukemia cell line and five other cancer cell lines were documented in the DRE. The extract's lack of cytotoxicity in 3 normal cell lines is a rare advantage not usually seen in current antineoplastic agents. Yet another challenge of the DRE was its low dissolution rate and long-term storage stability, issues to be resolved before a future product can be formulated.
Keywords: Antioxidants; Cancer; Cytotoxicity; Flamboyant (Delonix regia (Bojer) Raf.); Flavonoids; Thailand; cancer cell lines.
