[Dental erosions in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease in National Hospital Arzobispo Loayza].

BACKGROUND

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is considered as one of the most common digestive disease in the population, being the dental erosion a manifestation extra-esophageal in the oral cavity.

OBJECTIVE

investigate asociation between erosion and GERD according to esophagitis grade, erosion grade, sex and age.

METHODS

descriptive, observational, and correlational study in 150 patients with endoscopically diagnosed GERD, grades of esophagitis according to the classification of Los Angeles, in the Department of Gastroenterology at Arzobispo Loayza Hospital (2011-2012). Patients after the procedure underwent a dental evaluation to investigate the presence of dental erosion by eroding tooth surface.

RESULTS

We obtained a prevalence of 30% (45) patients with GERD and dental erosions of which 100% had symptoms consistent with acidity in the mouth and acid regurgitation. According to the sex the female sex showed an average of 2.35 erosions on the palatal surface in grade 1 and in male's an average of 1.86 erosions on the palatal surface in grade 2. According to the age the highest average was 3.50 in the incisal erosion on the surface grade 1 in the anterior in patients older than 70 years followed by an average of 3.11 incisal erosion on the surface grade 1 in patients 20 to 30 years. According to the total areas assessed (by age) patients between 30 and 40 years were the most affected population. According to degree of esophagitis the follows were: an average of 6.0 erosions in the anterior palatal surface in grade 2 with esophagitis Los Angeles "D"; in the anterior palatal surface in Grade 1 with esophagitis Los Angeles "A" and "B" with respective averages of 2.3 and 2.2 and in the anterior incisal surface in Grade 1 with esophagitis Los Angeles "D". According to the Chi2 test exists a significant association (p = 0.002) between the degree of esophagitis and degree of dental erosion.

CONCLUSIONS

A significant association exists between GERD and dental erosions. The presence and degree of dental erosion as predominant age occurred in patients older than 70 years in the previous Grade 1 incisal surface. According to the sex; eroded surface was predominant in females in the anterior sector palatal surface in grade 1.According to the degree of gastroesophageal reflux disease (esophagitis) is determined that the highest number of erosions was presented at the anterior sector on the palatal surface grade 2 with esophagitis Los Angeles "D". The symptoms compatible with heartburn and acid regurgitation in to the mouth that reaches to the oral cavity is an important indicator for the presence of dental erosions in patients with GERD. The tooth surface with the highest presence of dental erosions in patients with GERD was the palatal surface of anterior teeth.