Transcriptional activation of anthocyanin structural genes in Torenia 'Kauai Rose' via overexpression of anthocyanin regulatory transcription factors.
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This study was conducted to examine the role of the transcription factors (TFs), RsMYB1 and mPAP1 together with B-Peru (mPAP1 + B-Peru), in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in the ornamental torenia (Torenia fournieri) cultivar Kauai Rose using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Expression levels of RsMYB1 were the highest in the lines RS5 and RS3, followed by RS4, RS2, and RS1, while transcript levels of mPAP1 + B-Peru increased in the order of PB-6 > PB-5 > PB-7 > PB-8 > PB-2. Moreover, transcript levels of the anthocyanin structural genes in transgenic lines were significantly higher than those in wild-type (WT) plants. Anthocyanin structural gene expression was specifically altered by TF overexpression: the highest expression of anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) was observed in transgenic lines with RsMYB1, while expression of dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR) was the highest in lines with mPAP1 + B-Peru. We expect that enhanced expression of these anthocyanin structural genes will improve anthocyanin content in the flowers of transgenic torenia. Moreover, these results indicate that RsMYB1 and mPAP1 + B-Peru can be exploited as anthocyanin regulatory TFs to enhance anthocyanin content in other horticultural plants.