Vaping-Associated Lung Injury: A New Cause of Acute Respiratory Failure

E-cigarette-and vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) is a new diagnosis with at least 2,807 hospitalizations and 68 deaths since 2019. This clinical observation describes one of the first cases of EVALI in a teenager who presented with nic-sick symptoms and developed acute respiratory distress syndrome and pneumomediastinum. The manuscript also reviews the presentation, work-up, recommended management, and proposed etiology of the condition and summarizes recent national vaping regulations enacted to address the EVALI epidemic.

Keywords: ARDS; Chemical pneumonitis; E-cigarette; EVALI; Lipid pneumonitis; MODS; Marijuana; Nic-sick; Nicotine; PICU; Pneumomediastinum; VALI; Vaping; Vitamin E-acetate.