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The role of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor in semisoluble glucan induced resistance to hemorrhage.

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The present study was undertaken to evaluate the mechanism of protective effect of semisoluble beta-1,3-carboxymethylglucan (CMG) during acute massive hemorrhage. CBA mice were injected i.v. with glucan (25 mg/kg) 24 h prior to hemorrhage (50% of blood circulating volume). Survival data indicated

Pharmacological profiles of animal- and nonanimal-derived sulfated polysaccharides--comparison of unfractionated heparin, the semisynthetic glucan sulfate PS3, and the sulfated polysaccharide fraction isolated from Delesseria sanguinea.

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Sulfated polysaccharides (SP) such as heparin are known to exhibit a wide range of biological activities, e.g., anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and antimetastastic effects. However, since the anticoagulant activity of heparin is dominating, its therapeutic use for other medical indications is

A free radical scavenger, edaravone (MCI-186), diminishes intestinal neutrophil lipid peroxidation and bacterial translocation in a rat hemorrhagic shock model.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of edaravone, a novel free radical scavenger, on bacterial translocation induced by hemorrhagic shock. METHODS Prospective, randomized, unblinded animal study. METHODS Surgical research laboratories of Shiga University of Medical Science. METHODS Male

Protective effect of beta-glucan on lung injury after cecal ligation and puncture in rats.

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OBJECTIVE Understanding the biological mediators involved in the complex inflammatory response of sepsis and acute lung injury offers the possibility of future investigations targeting treatment based on these mediators. This study investigated whether macrophage activator beta-glucan has a

Functional nutrition modulates the early immune response against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) in rainbow trout.

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Although viruses represent a major threat for cultured fish worldwide, the commercialization of vaccines capable of providing effective and long-lasting protection is still lacking for most of these viral diseases. In this situation, the use of supplemented diets could be a suitable strategy to

Hyperoxic condition prevents bacterial translocation and elevation of plasma microorganism components during hemorrhagic shock.

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To evaluate the influence of hyperoxic conditions on bacterial translocation (BT) and microorganism components during hemorrhagic shock, rats were divided into a group breathing 100% oxygen and a group breathing room air. The groups were then subjected to hemorrhagic shock. Systemic blood and

Susceptibility of Pacific herring to viral hemorrhagic septicemia is influenced by diet.

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Groups of specific-pathogen-free Pacific herring Clupea pallasii were highly susceptible to infection by viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV); however, the level of mortality was influenced by diet during the 40-71 d before, during, and after the first exposure to the virus. Cumulative

Alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and resistance to acute blood loss during injection of beta-1,3-carboxymethylglucan.

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The present study was undertaken to evaluate the mechanism of protective effect of semisoluble alpha-1,3-carboxymethylglucan during massive acute hemorrhage. CBA mice were injected i.v. with glucan (25 mg/kg) 24 h prior to hemorrhage (50% of blood circulating volume). Survival data indicated that

Effect of beta-glucan on activity of antioxidant enzymes and Mx gene expression in virus infected grass carp.

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The effects of beta-glucan, an immunostimulatory agent, on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities of erythrocytes and Mx gene expression were studied from grass carp that were challenged with grass carp hemorrhage virus (GCHV). The SOD and CAT activities in erythrocytes and Mx

β-D-glucan testing is important for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections.

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Invasive fungal infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who receive immunosuppressive therapy, such as solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Many of the fungi associated with these infections are angioinvasive and are best diagnosed

The initial 96 hours of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: histopathology, comparative kinetics of galactomannan and (1->3) β-d-glucan and consequences of delayed antifungal therapy.

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Acute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a rapidly progressive and frequently lethal infection. Relatively little is known about early events in the pathogenesis and relationship between the cell wall biomarkers galactomannan and (1→3)-β-d-glucan. The consequences of delayed antifungal therapy are

Denaturation and renaturation of a beta-1,6;1,3-glucan, lentinan, associated with expression of T-cell-mediated responses.

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Correlation between the higher structure and biological functions of lentinan, a beta-1,6;1,3-glucan capable of potentiating T- and non-T-cell-mediated responses, were investigated by measurements of optical rotation and some biological responses. The addition of urea or dimethyl sulfoxide decreased

Antitumor 1,3-beta-glucan from cultured fruit body of Sparassis crispa.

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Sparassis crispa is an edible mushroom recently cultivable in Japan. Polysaccharide fractions were prepared from the cultured S. crispa by repeated extraction with hot water (SCHWE), cold NaOH (SCCA), and then hot NaOH (SCHA). HWE was further separated by 1 volume (SCHWE1v) or 4 volumes (SCHWE4v) of

β-glucan administration induces metabolic changes and differential survival rates after bacterial or viral infection in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus).

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The innate immune response is able to ward off pathogens and remember previous infections using different mechanisms; this kind of immune reaction has been called "trained immunity". Changes in cellular metabolism (aerobic glycolysis) have been observed during training with some immunostimulants

Genetic control of the expression of two biological activities of an antitumor polysaccharide, lentinan.

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In order to make clear whether the expression of biological activities and antitumor polysaccharides are under genetic control, the responses of mice to lentinan, a beta-1,6;1,3-glucan, in the induction of several acute phase proteins (APPs) and T-cell-mediated vascular dilation and hemorrhage (VDH)

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