5 methylcytosine/atrophy

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5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in brains of patients with multiple system atrophy and patients with Parkinson's disease.

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Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a sporadic neurodegenerative disorder of unknown etiology, characterized pathologically by α-synuclein aggregates preferentially found in oligodendroglial cells. DNA methylation has emerged as a mechanism of regulation of α-synuclein expression. Reduced

Structural insights into the specific recognition of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by TAL effectors.

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Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) recognize DNA through repeat-variable diresidues (RVDs) and TALE-DNA interactions are sensitive to DNA modifications. Our previous study deciphered the recognition of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) by TALEs. Here, we report

Multiregional analysis of global 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine throughout the progression of Alzheimer's disease.

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Epigenetic modifications to cytosine are known to alter transcriptional states and deregulate gene expression in cancer, embryonic development, and most recently in neurodegeneration. To test the hypothesis that global levels of cytosine modification are altered throughout the progression of

Deciphering TAL effectors for 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine recognition.

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DNA recognition by transcription activator-like effector (TALE) proteins is mediated by tandem repeats that specify nucleotides through repeat-variable diresidues. These repeat-variable diresidues form direct and sequence-specific contacts to DNA bases; hence, TALE-DNA interaction is sensitive to

Epigenetic modulation of AREL1 and increased HLA expression in brains of multiple system atrophy patients.

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Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare disease with a fatal outcome. To date, little is known about the molecular processes underlying disease development. Its clinical overlap with related neurodegenerative movement disorders underlines the importance for expanding the knowledge of pathological

Maternal benzo[a]pyrene exposure is correlated with the meiotic arrest and quality deterioration of offspring oocytes in mice.

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Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in particulate matter that has a diameter of ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5). Studies have demonstrated that BaP exposure causes oocyte meiotic arrest in mice. However, whether BaP exposure also affects oocyte maturation in offspring remains unclear.

Melatonin alleviates the deterioration of oocytes from mice subjected to repeated superovulation.

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Induction of repeated superovulation with exogenous hormones is widely used in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Though it is generally safe, emerging evidence has indicated that repeated superovulation may compromise oocyte quality. However, few studies have explored how to ameliorate such

The stability of oligodeoxyribonucleotide duplexes containing degenerate bases.

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Oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing N4-methoxycytosine (mo4C), N4-methoxy-5-methylcytosine (mo4m5C) and other base-analogues were synthesised and used to compare the stabilities of duplexes containing mo4C.A and mo4C.G base pairs with those containing normal and mismatch pairs. The Tm values and

Molecular characterization of the restriction endonuclease gene (scrFIR) associated with the ScrFI restriction/modification system from Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris UC503.

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The nucleotide sequence of the chromosomally encoded type II ScrFI restriction/modification system from Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris UC503 was completed. The ScrFI restriction endonuclease (ENase) has previously been shown to specifically recognize 5' CCNGG 3' sites, cleaving after the second

On the nature of the cytosine-methylated sequence in DNA of Bacillus brevis var. G.-B.

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On growing the cells of Bacillus brevis S methionine-auxotroph mutant in the presence of [Me-3H]methionine, practically all the radioactivity incorporated into DNA is found to exist in 5-methylcytosine and N6-methyladenine. The analysis of pyrimidine isopliths isolated from DNA shows that

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Liver Disease, Mutational Homogeneity Modulated by Epigenetic Heterogeneity With Links to Obesity.

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Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) liver disease is characterized by marked heterogeneity in presentation and progression, despite a common underlying gene mutation, strongly suggesting the involvement of other genetic and/or epigenetic modifiers. Variation in clinical phenotype has added to the

5-Hydroxymethylation-associated epigenetic modifiers of Alzheimer's disease modulate Tau-induced neurotoxicity.

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive deterioration of cognitive function. Pathogenesis of AD is incompletely understood; evidence suggests a role for epigenetic regulation, in particular the cytosine modifications 5-methylcytosine and

The effect of maternal body condition on in vivo production of zygotes and behavior of delivered offspring in mice.

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This study investigated the effects of maternal body condition on oocyte quality and zygote production. Additionally, we examined the possible consequences on somatic parameters and behavior of naturally delivered offspring. We used an experimental model based on overfeeding of outbred mice during

Effect of donor cell type on nuclear remodelling in rabbit somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos.

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Cloned rabbits have been produced for many years by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The efficiency of cloning by SCNT, however, has remained extremely low. Most cloned embryos degenerate in utero, and the few that develop to term show a high incidence of post-natal death and abnormalities. The

Modeling the molecular epigenetic profile of psychosis in prenatally stressed mice.

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Based on postmortem brain studies, our overarching epigenetic hypothesis is that chronic schizophrenia (SZ) is a psychopathological condition involving dysregulation of the dynamic equilibrium among DNA methylation/demethylation network components and the expression of SZ target genes, including

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