astrocytoma/carbohydrate

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Drug/diet synergy for managing malignant astrocytoma in mice: 2-deoxy-D-glucose and the restricted ketogenic diet.

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BACKGROUND Astrocytomas are largely dependent on glycolysis to satisfy their bioenergetic requirements for growth and survival. Therapies that target glycolysis can potentially manage astrocytoma growth and progression. Dietary restriction of the high fat/low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD-R)

Over-expression of beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase I, II, and V in human astrocytoma.

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OBJECTIVE beta-1,4-Galactosyltransferase (beta-1,4-GalT) I, II, and V are the enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of N-acetyllactosamine on N-glycans by transferring UDP-galactose to the terminal N-acetylglucosamine (N-GlcNAc) residues with the formation of a beta-1,4-linkage. Neoplasms undergo

Identification of the motif in versican G3 domain that plays a dominant-negative effect on astrocytoma cell proliferation through inhibiting versican secretion and binding.

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This study was designed to investigate the mechanisms by which mutant versican constructs play a dominant-negative effect on astrocytoma cell proliferation. Although a mini-versican or a versican G3 construct promoted growth of U87 astrocytoma cells, a mini-versican lacking epidermal growth factor

Distinct differences in binding capacity to saccharide epitopes in supratentorial pilocytic astrocytomas, astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas, and glioblastomas.

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We monitored the expression of glycan-binding sites on a panel of 10 biotinylated neoglycoconjugates by means of quantitative computer-assisted microscopy to further study the molecular mechanisms in the extensive infiltration of the surrounding brain parenchyma by most astrocytic tumors. Three

The PEN5 epitope identifies an oligodendrocyte precursor cell population and pilocytic astrocytomas.

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PEN5 is a sulfated polylactosamine carbohydrate epitope first described in a subpopulation of mature natural killer cells. Here we report that it is also expressed in a developmentally regulated fashion in human and rat central nervous systems and that its protein carrier is P-selectin glycoprotein

Human astrocytoma cells (U-87 MG) exhibit a specific substance P binding site with the characteristics of an NK-1 receptor.

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To investigate substance P (SP) receptors on an established human astrocytoma cell line (U-87 MG), [3H][Sar9,Met(O2)11]-SP, a selective SP receptor agonist, was used to identify and characterize the cell membrane binding sites for SP. SP receptor mRNA was examined by solution hybridization analysis,

Polysialic acid overexpression in malignant astrocytomas.

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OBJECTIVE Polysialic acid (PSA) is a carbohydrate binding on the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM and impedes cell-cell interactions. It prevents neural progenitor cell differentiation and promotes their migration. Highly malignant tumours like small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) also overexpress PSA

HNK-1 glycan functions as a tumor suppressor for astrocytic tumor.

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Astrocytic tumor is the most prevalent primary brain tumor. However, the role of cell surface carbohydrates in astrocytic tumor invasion is not known. In a previous study, we showed that polysialic acid facilitates astrocytic tumor invasion and thereby tumor progression. Here, we examined the role

Detection of acid mucopolysaccharides in human brain tumors by histochemical methods.

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Acid mucopolysaccharides (glycosaminoglycans) are identified by histochemical methods in biopsies of 107 human brain tumors. Isomorphous oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas stained with alcian blue show marked, weblike, or diffuse distribution and concentration of acid mucopolysaccharides.

Constitutive expression of human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B (gpUL55) with mutagenized carboxy-terminal hydrophobic domains.

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Stable transfectants were selected from human astrocytoma cells (U373) after transfection with recombinant expression vectors carrying the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) glycoprotein B (gB; gpUL55) gene with alternative deletions of hydrophobic domain segment 1 (hd1) or segment 2 (hd2) of the

Three mouse monoclonal antibodies to human differentiation antigens: reactivity with two mucin-like antigens and with connective tissue fibers.

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Three human differentiation antigens (MU78, MT334, and MQ49) have been defined by mouse monoclonal antibodies developed from mice immunized with ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Their distribution was determined on 148 cultured cell lines of various histologic types and on frozen sections of 16 normal

Nonexpression of CD15 by neoplastic glia: a barrier to metastasis?

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Cluster of differentiation 15 (CD15) monoclonal antibodies recognise cell adhesion molecules on the surface of many cells including normal astrocytes and metastatic carcinoma cells. The CD15 epitope (fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine), an adhesive oligosaccharide, functions as a ligand for the selectin

Selection of novel peptide mimics of the GD2 ganglioside from a constrained phage-displayed peptide library.

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Aberrant glycosylation is a universal feature of cancer cells. There are quantitative and qualitative changes in expression of gangliosides observed in tumors of a neuroectodermal origin such as neuroblastoma, melanoma and astrocytoma. The presence of large amounts of GD2 ganglioside on

Human glioma-specific antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies.

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Three murine monoclonal antibodies, designated GA-17, GB-4, and GC-3, were prepared by the hybridization of murine myeloma cells (NS-1) and spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with the crude membrane fraction of cultured human gliosarcoma cells (GI-1). Two of them (GA-17 and GB-4) reacted

A stomach oncofetal antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody GC302.

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A monoclonal antibody, GC302, was established by fusing murine myeloma NS/1 cells with the splenocytes of a BALB/c mouse immunized with a human gastric cancer cell line, NU-GC-3. The serological specificity of GC302 was analyzed by an anti-mouse Ig mixed-hemadsorption (MHA) test on a panel of human

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