l cysteine/diarrhea

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Insulin-like growth factors stimulate growth and L-cysteine uptake by the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia.

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Giardia lamblia, a parasitic protozoan responsible for diarrhea and malabsorption in humans, grows axenically only in media that contain serum and a high concentration of L-cysteine. During our attempts to grow Giardia in the absence of serum, we found that: (a) human insulin-like growth factors

Antidiarrheal effect of sodium hydrosulfide in diabetic rats: In vitro and in vivo studies.

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BACKGROUND The inhibitory effects of H2 S on spontaneous contractions of smooth muscles of small, and large intestines well-established but its role in the pathophysiology of diarrhea has not been identified. Therefore, this study evaluated the role of exogenous H2 S (NaHS) on diabetic-induced

Comparison of supplemented Brucella agar and modified Clostridium difficile agar for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Clostridium difficile.

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BACKGROUND Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of Clostridium difficile is increasingly important because of the rise in resistant strains. The standard medium for the AST of C. difficile is supplemented Brucella agar (sBA), but we found that the growth of C. difficile on sBA was not optimal.

Pleiotropic Clostridioides difficile Cyclophilin PpiB Controls Cysteine-Tolerance, Toxin Production, the Central Metabolism and Multiple Stress Responses.

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The Gram-positive pathogen Clostridioides difficile is the main bacterial agent of nosocomial antibiotic associated diarrhea. Bacterial peptidyl-prolyl-cis/trans-isomerases (PPIases) are well established modulators of virulence that influence the outcome of human pathologies during

Anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of Alpinia oxyphylla on HepG2 cells through ROS-mediated signaling pathway.

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BACKGROUND Fructus Alpiniae oxyphyllae (A. oxyphylla) is a traditional herb which is widely used in East Asian for the treatment of dyspepsia, diarrhea, abdominal pain, poor memory, inflammatory conditions and cancer. METHODS The cytotoxic activities of ethanol extract (EE) and five extract layers

Use of N-acetylcysteine in clinical toxicology.

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The major use of N-acetylcysteine in clinical toxicology is in the treatment of acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdosage. The hepatorenal toxicity of acetaminophen is mediated by a reactive metabolite normally detoxified by reduced glutathione. If glutathione is depleted, covalent binding to

Enhancement of Endothelial Barrier Permeability by Mitragynine.

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Persistent inhalation of mitragynine (MG), a major alkaloid in the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa, causes various systemic adverse effects such as seizure, diarrhea and arthralgias, but its toxicity to endothelial cells and effects on barrier function of the cells are poorly understood. In this study,

T-2 toxin enhances catabolic activity of hypertrophic chondrocytes through ROS-NF-κB-HIF-2α pathway.

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T-2 toxin (T-2), one of the most important and toxic trichothecene mycotoxins, can cause many medical problems, such as diarrhea, nervous disorders, immunodepression and death, and is also believed as an etiological factor of Kashin-Beck disease, an endemic osteochondropathy prevailing in North

Clostridium difficile Toxin A Induces Reactive Oxygen Species Production and p38 MAPK Activation to Exert Cellular Toxicity in Neuronal Cells.

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Clostridium difficile releases two exotoxins, toxin A and toxin B, which disrupt the epithelial cell barrier in the gut to increase mucosal permeability and trigger inflammation with severe diarrhea. Many studies have suggested that enteric nerves are also directly involved in the progression of

Elephantopus scaber induces apoptosis through ROS-dependent mitochondrial signaling pathway in HCT116 human colorectal carcinoma cells.

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BACKGROUND Elephantopus scaber also known as Elephant's foot (Asteraceae family) has a plethora of traditional applications including dysuria, diarrhea, dysentery, leukemia and cancer. This study aimed to investigate the apoptosis inducing effects of E. scaber and the underlying mechanisms in HCT116

Rhodanese, but not cystathionine-gamma-lyase, is associated with dextran sulfate sodium-evoked colitis in mice: a sign of impaired colonic sulfide detoxification?

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Clinical studies suggest that colonic luminal hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), produced by sulfate-reducing bacteria or through other pathways, might be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Nonetheless, this hypothesis has been poorly investigated by basic studies using

Regulation of ROS in transmissible gastroenteritis virus-activated apoptotic signaling.

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Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), an enteropathogenic coronavirus, causes severe lethal watery diarrhea and dehydration in piglets. Previous studies indicate that TGEV infection induces cell apoptosis in host cells. In this study, we investigated the roles and regulation of reactive oxygen

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