lysophosphatidylcholine/edema

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Effect of lysophosphatidylcholine on the filtration coefficient in intact dog lungs.

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Lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-Pc) is a lysophospholipid normally found in low concentrations in the lung. At high concentrations lyso-Pc, instilled into the airways, causes pulmonary edema. We tested the hypothesis that the edema caused by lyso-Pc was due to an increase in pulmonary microvascular

Myotoxicity induced by an acidic Asp-49 phospholipase A(2) isolated from Lachesis muta snake venom. Comparison with lysophosphatidylcholine.

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In a previous report we showed that Lachesis muta crude venom displays potent indirect hemolytic activity and myotoxicity when injected into mice. Then, a phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) (LM-PLA(2)-I) responsible for these activities was isolated. More recently, a catalytically active isoenzyme

Magnetic resonance imaging of experimental demyelinating lesions.

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An animal model of central nervous system demyelination was created by injecting rat internal capsules with lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). The resulting chemically induced demyelinating lesions were readily visible in T1-weighted spin-echo, T2 weighted spin-echo, and inversion-recovery magnetic

Hydrocephalus and aquaporins: the role of aquaporin-4.

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BACKGROUND Aquaporins (AQPs) are membrane proteins that facilitate water and small solute movement in tissues. Hydrocephalus is the major central nervous system disorder associated with defective cerebrospinal fluid turnover. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is a water channel located mainly at the blood-brain

Impact of fresh-frozen plasma from male-only donors versus mixed-sex donors on postoperative respiratory function in surgical patients: a prospective case-controlled study.

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BACKGROUND To reduce the risk of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), plasma products are mainly made from male donors in some countries because of the lower possibility of alloimmunization; other countries are considering this policy. The advantage of male-only fresh-frozen plasma (FFP)

Pulmonary responses to phospholipase A2 in the perfused guinea pig lung.

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We examined the effect of phospholipase A2 (PLA2; Naja naja) challenge on pulmonary hemodynamics, airway constriction, and fluid filtration in isolated Ringer-perfused guinea pig lungs. Intratracheal PLA2 (10-100 U) produced dose-dependent increases in pulmonary arterial pressure, intratracheal

A phospholipase A₂ isolated from Lachesis muta snake venom increases the survival of retinal ganglion cells in vitro.

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We have previously showed that a phospholipase A₂ isolated from Lachesis muta snake venom and named LM-PLA₂-I displayed particular biological activities, as hemolysis, inhibition on platelet aggregation, edema induction and myotoxicity. In the present work, we evaluated the effect of LM-PLA₂-I on

[State of pulmonary surfactant and ultrastructure of the aerohematic barrier in acute hypoxia].

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Experiments on 8 dogs with acute respiratory hypoxia that lasted 1.5-2 hours were made to study ultrastructure of the aerohematic barrier, lung surface activity and the composition of individual phospholipid fractions in bronchoalveolar washings. The studies were performed with the use of

Arachidonate transport through the blood-retina and blood-brain barrier of the rat after reperfusion of varying duration following complete cerebral ischemia.

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The permeability-surface area product (PS) of [1-14C]arachidonate at the blood-retina and blood-brain barrier was determined by short carotid perfusion in young Wistar rats 1 or 6 h after recovery period following complete cerebral ischemia induced by temporary cardiac arrest. For the retina and

[Characteristics of clinico-biochemical indicators in obese children with chronic tonsillitis].

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Chronic tonsillitis (CT) was found in 63.1% of 190 obese children aged 3-15 years, 15% of them had no quinsy in the past. Onset of obesity was attributed to frequent quinsy in 18.3% of the examinees. Marked CT exacerbations were more typical for the children aged 6-7 years (10%). In 12-15-year-olds

Oxidative stress in the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis at different diseased states of organism in clinics and experiment.

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According to modern images and results of our observations the oxidative stress (OS) is a non-specific though certain component of pathogenesis at numerous diseased states of organism having in the basis the thoroughness of pathogenic disturbances of phospholipids (PL) metabolism and processes of

Manufacture and characterization of anti-inflammatory liposomes from jumbo flying squid (Dosidicus gigas) skin phospholipid extraction.

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The anti-inflammation properties of marine phospholipids enriched with n-3 fatty acids contribute to anti-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving mediators. Functional squid-skin (SQ) liposomes were manufactured from squid-skin phospholipids, and their anti-inflammatory effects were investigated. SQ

Pleotropic Roles of Autotaxin in the Nervous System Present Opportunities for the Development of Novel Therapeutics for Neurological Diseases.

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Autotaxin (ATX) is a soluble extracellular enzyme that is abundant in mammalian plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It has two known enzymatic activities, acting as both a phosphodiesterase and a phospholipase. The majority of its biological effects have been associated with its ability to

Plasma and lipids from stored packed red blood cells cause acute lung injury in an animal model.

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Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a serious complication of hemotherapy. During blood storage, lipids are generated and released into the plasma. In this study, the role of these lipids in TRALI was investigated using an isolated, perfused rat lung model. Rats were pretreated with

Autotaxin and Endotoxin-Induced Acute Lung Injury.

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Acute Lung Injury (ALI) is a life-threatening, diffuse heterogeneous lung injury characterized by acute onset, pulmonary edema and respiratory failure. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a common cause of both direct and indirect lung injury and when administered to a mouse induces a lung phenotype

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