xanthine/diarrhea

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Febuxostat: a selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.

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OBJECTIVE To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical trial data, safety profile, precautions, and place in therapy of febuxostat, a novel nonpurine xanthine oxidase inhibitor in development for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. METHODS Available studies and abstracts were

Water soluble PEG-conjugate of xanthine oxidase inhibitor, PEG-AHPP micelles, as a novel therapeutic for ROS related inflammatory bowel diseases.

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Xanthine oxidase (XO) is one of the major enzymes to generate superoxide anion (O2(-)), that is frequently associated with various diseases involving reactive oxygen species (ROS). 4-Amino-6-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (AHPP) is a potent XO inhibitor showing therapeutic potential for oxidative

Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of Chilean Myrtaceae.

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Twenty-one Myrtaceae collections belonging to 10 species, 5 of which are used in Chilean folk medicine, were assayed for inhibitory activity towards the enzyme xanthine oxidase. Most leaf and stem extracts were devoid of activity or showed a weak inhibitory effect. Chilean ethnobotanical data on the

Overcoming jet lag.

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Jet lag is a symptom complex resulting from travel across time zones, which can incapacitate travellers for several days. It is a result of the abrupt changes forced on travellers' sense of time, place and wellbeing, and on their internal cycles. It is manifested in its early phase by exhaustion out

Urinary tract infection is associated with hypokalemia: a case control study

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Background: Hypokalemia is a common clinical problem. The association between urinary tract infection (UTI) and hypokalemia is not clear. Hypokalemia is common in patients with UTI in clinical observation. The aim of the study is to

Effects of Cornus mas L. and Morus rubra L. extracts on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity: an electrophysiological and biochemical study.

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Traditionally, Morus rubra L. (Moraceae) (red mulberry) and Cornus mas L. (Cornacea) (cornelian cherry) fruits are eaten fresh and are also used in marmalades, juices, jam, natural dyes in Turkey and are believed to have beneficial effects in case of multiple health issues such as antipyretic,

Febuxostat-induced agranulocytosis in an end-stage renal disease patient: A case report.

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BACKGROUND Febuxostat, a nonpurine xanthine oxidase inhibitor, is approved as the first-line urate-lowering therapy in gout patients with normal renal function or mild to moderate renal impairment. The most common adverse effects of febuxostat are liver function test abnormalities, diarrhea, and

Febuxostat for prevention of gout attacks.

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(1) Febuxostat is a selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. Its use in the management of hyperuricemia and gout is being studied. (2) In a 52-week, phase III randomized clinical trial, febuxostat was superior to allopurinol for lowering uric acid levels. Its efficacy in preventing gout attacks was

Enzyme inhibition, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities, and brine shrimp toxicity of extracts from the root bark, stem bark and leaves of Terminalia macroptera.

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BACKGROUND The root bark, stem bark and leaves of Terminalia macroptera have been traditionally used against a variety of ailments such as wounds, hepatitis, malaria, fever, cough, and diarrhea as well as tuberculosis and skin diseases in African folk medicine. Boiling water extracts of Terminalia

Activation of adenosine low-affinity A3 receptors inhibits the enteric short interplexus neural circuit triggered by histamine.

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We tested the novel hypothesis that endogenous adenosine (eADO) activates low-affinity A3 receptors in a model of neurogenic diarrhea in the guinea pig colon. Dimaprit activation of H2 receptors was used to trigger a cyclic coordinated response of contraction and Cl(-) secretion.

Ligands for A2B adenosine receptor subtype.

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Adenosine is a naturally occurring nucleoside, which exerts its biological effects by interacting with a family of adenosine receptors known as A(1), A(2A), A(2B), and A(3). The A(2B) subtype is a low affinity receptor, which couples to stimulation of adenylyl cyclase and also leads to a rise in

Chrysin protects against cisplatin-induced colon. toxicity via amelioration of oxidative stress and apoptosis: probable role of p38MAPK and p53.

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Cisplatin, an antineoplastic drug, is widely used as a foremost therapy against numerous forms of cancer but it has pronounced adverse effects viz., nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity etc. CDDP-induced emesis and diarrhea are also marked toxicities that may be due to intestinal injury. Chrysin

Case report: Pentoxifylline treatment in microscopic colitis.

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BACKGROUND Microscopic colitis is a common cause of diarrhea. Pentoxifylline, a xanthine derivative with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha properties, is prescribed for intermittent claudication and other disorders. Our goal was to evaluate the outcomes of patients with microscopic colitis treated

Effect of Curcumin on Serum Urate in Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

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Background/objective: Hyperuricemia leads to gout and renal complications and may increase cardiovascular risk. Curcumin inhibits xanthine oxidase and increases uricosuric activity and, as a result, decreases serum urate (SU). This randomized controlled trial aimed to determine the effects of

Antihyperuricemia, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities of Tridax procumbens L.

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Tridax procumbens L. is a medicinal plant and used as a drink to treat bronchial catarrh, diarrhea, dysentery and liver diseases. In this study, we evaluated the potential use of T. procumbens to treat hyperuricemia, oxidative stress, and bacterial infection. Ethyl acetate extract of

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