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Alteration of the counterregulatory responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and of cognitive function after massive weight reduction in severely obese subjects.

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are reported as activated in excess in the morbidly obese state and, therefore, changes after weight loss can be anticipated. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a massive (approximately 30%) weight

[Obesity or overweight and metabolic syndrome in Mexico City teenagers].

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aim: To know the metabolic syndrome and its components prevalence in Mexico City adolescents sample. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 772 men and 1078 women, 12 to 16 years old, from 8 randomly selected public junior high schools in Mexico City. METHODS Anthropometric variables,

Postprandial vascular reactivity in obese and normal weight young adults.

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As humans spend a significant amount of time in the postprandial state, we examined whether vascular reactivity (a key indicator of cardiovascular health) was different after a high-fat meal in 11 obese (median BMI 46.4, age 32.1 +/- 6.3 years, 7 men) and 11 normal weight (median BMI 22.6) age- and

Fasting hyperinsulinemia and cardiovascular disease risk factors in nondiabetic adults: stronger associations in lean versus obese subjects. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Investigators.

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The association between hyperinsulinemia and atherogenic risk factors has not been well studied in blacks and may be different for obese versus lean individuals. To investigate this possibility and to confirm the associations of hyperinsulinemia with cardiovascular disease risk factors in blacks and

Cardiovascular risk factors in portuguese obese children and adolescents: impact of small reductions in body mass index imposed by lifestyle modifications.

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OBJECTIVE Evaluate cardiovascular risk factors in Portuguese obese children and adolescents and the long-term effects of lifestyle modifications on such risk factors. METHODS Transversal cohort study and longitudinal study. METHODS University Hospital S. João and Children's Hospital Maria Pia,

Effect of weight loss on insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk factors in glucose tolerant and intolerant obese subjects.

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We observed 170 obese patients during 55 weeks in order to study the influence of insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity on cardiovascular risk factors in such patients as well as the changes occurring on these subjects as a result of weight loss. At the beginning of the study, the patients were

A randomized trial of the effects of dietary counseling on gestational weight gain and glucose metabolism in obese pregnant women.

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OBJECTIVE Can gestational weight gain in obese women be restricted by 10-h dietary consultations and does this restriction impact the pregnancy-induced changes in glucose metabolism? METHODS A randomized controlled trial with or without restriction of gestational weight gain to 6-7 kg by ten 1-h

Physical training improves insulin resistance syndrome markers in obese adolescents.

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BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that physical training (PT), especially high-intensity PT, would have a favorable effect on components of the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) in obese adolescents. METHODS Obese 13- to 16-yr-olds (N = 80) were randomly assigned to one

Alterations in the liver of intrauterine growth retarded piglets may predispose to development of insulin resistance and obesity in later life.

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Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) leads to increased predisposition to metabolic syndrome in adult life but the mechanisms remain obscure. Considering a significant number of functional similarities, IUGR piglets appear to be a good model to study the development of this syndrome in humans. The

Effects of Histidine Supplementation on Global Serum and Urine 1H NMR-based Metabolomics and Serum Amino Acid Profiles in Obese Women from a Randomized Controlled Study.

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The aim of current study was to investigate the metabolic changes associated with histidine supplementation in serum and urine metabolic signatures and serum amino acid (AA) profiles. Serum and urine 1H NMR-based metabolomics and serum AA profiles were employed in 32 and 37 obese women with

Alterations in metabolic profile occur in normal-weight and obese men during the Ramadan fast despite no changes in anthropometry.

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We examined the variations in eating behavior, appetite ratings, satiety efficiency, energy expenditure, anthropometric and metabolic profile markers prior to, during as well as 1 and 4 months after Ramadan in normal-weight and obese men. Anthropometric, energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry and

Moderate insulinopenia can cause insulin antagonism.

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Profound insulin deficiency can cause insulin antagonism. To assess whether more modest insulinopenia can also cause insulin antagonism, male Sprague-Dawley and female obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats received streptozotocin injections (20, 30 or 40 mg/kg) or citrate buffer alone. After 1 and 2 weeks, the

Performance of body mass index and percentage of body fat in predicting cardiometabolic risk factors in Thai adults.

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UNASSIGNED Body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat (PBF) are used to measure obesity; however, their performance in identifying cardiometabolic risk in Southeast Asians is unclear. Generally, Asian women have higher PBF and lower BMI than do men and other ethnic populations. This study was

Effects of high-carbohydrate or high-fat diet on carbohydrate metabolism and insulin secretion in the normal rat.

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The effects of changes in the content of dietary carbohydrate, protein and fat on glucose metabolism and insulin secretion were examined in normal male rats. The animals were fed for 10 days with three types of diet: (a) standard diet, (b) glucose diet and (c) high fat/protein diet. The weight of

Carotid Plaques Correlates in Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolemia.

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Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) are at increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease. We compared factors associated with the presence of carotid plaques and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, in 241 patients with FH (98, 40.7% men;

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