xanthine/breast neoplasms

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Reactive oxygen species derived from xanthine oxidase interrupt dimerization of breast cancer resistance protein, resulting in suppression of uric acid excretion to the intestinal lumen.

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The prevalence of hyperuricemia/gout increases with aging. However, the effect of aging on function for excretion of uric acid to out of the body has not been clarified. We found that ileal uric acid clearance in middle-aged rats (11-12 months) was decreased compared with that in young rats (2

Molybdenum, xanthine oxidase and riboflavin levels in tamoxifen treated postmenopausal women with breast cancer.

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40 cases postmenopausal women with breast cancer constituted the study group and 20 sex and age matched formed the control group. The study group of untreated patients showed nonsignificant decrease in molybdenum but significant decrease in blood xanthine oxidase and riboflavin levels. Tamoxifen

The emerging role of xanthine oxidase inhibition for suppression of breast cancer cell migration and metastasis associated with hypercholesterolemia.

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Hypercholesterolemia is reported to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to promote breast cancer progression. ROS play an important role in tumor biology, and xanthine oxidase (XO) is an enzyme that generates ROS. The effects of febuxostat (FBX), an XO inhibitor, on breast cancer cell

Contribution of xanthine oxidoreductase to mammary epithelial and breast cancer cell differentiation in part modulates inhibitor of differentiation-1.

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Loss of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) has been linked to aggressive breast cancer in vivo and to breast cancer cell aggressiveness in vitro. In the present study, we hypothesized that the contribution of XOR to the development of the normal mammary gland may underlie its capacity to modulate breast

Down-regulated xanthine oxidoreductase is a feature of aggressive breast cancer.

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OBJECTIVE Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a key enzyme in the degradation of DNA, RNA, and high-energy phosphates and also plays a role in milk lipid globule secretion. Given the strong and regulated expression of XOR in normal breast epithelium, and the previously shown alterations of its

Migratory activity of human breast cancer cells is modulated by differential expression of xanthine oxidoreductase.

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Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) may exert an important, but poorly defined, role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC). Loss of XOR expression was linked to aggressive BC, and recent clinical observations have suggested that decreasing XOR may be functionally linked to BC aggressiveness. The goal

Generation of reactive oxygen species by xanthine derivatives in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.

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Theophylline reduces cell number in MDA-MB-231 cells through mechanisms over and above phosphodiesterase inhibition. In the current study, we used an intracellular fluorescent dye to show that theophylline and, to a much greater extent, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, evoke the generation of reactive

Stimulation or endothelin-1 secretion by human breast cancer cells through protein kinase A activation: a possible novel paracrine loop involving breast fibroblast-derived prostaglandin E2.

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Breast cancer cells secrete endothelin-1 (ET-1), which may act as a paracrine mitogen in breast tumours. The paracrine factors and signal transduction pathways responsible for regulating ET-1 production in breast cancer are unknown. In this study we have examined the involvement of the protein

Differential alteration of drug-metabolizing enzyme activities after cyclophosphamide/adriamycin administration in breast cancer patients.

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Cyclophosphamide (CPA) and adriamycin (ADR) are widely used drugs for cancer chemotherapy. It has been reported that CPA and ADR singly or in combination could alter activities of a variety of drug-metabolizing enzymes in animals via multiple mechanisms. However, the effects of CPA/ADR on drug

The effect of hypoxia on acquired drug resistance and response to epidermal growth factor in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts and human breast-cancer cells in vitro.

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Prolonged hypoxia induced transient drug resistance in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. Previously hypoxic cells were resistant to adriamycin and resistant to etoposide. Complete recovery of etoposide sensitivity was observed following reaeration for 24 hr. A change in P-glycoprotein expression was

Cytosolic xanthine oxidoreductase mediated bioactivation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and free radicals in rat breast tissue. Its potential role in alcohol-promoted mammary cancer.

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Epidemiological evidence links alcohol intake with increased risk in breast cancer. Not all the characteristics of the correlation can be explained in terms of changes in hormonal factors. In this work, we explore the possibility that alcohol were activated to acetaldehyde and free radicals in situ

SLFN5 influences proliferation and apoptosis by upregulating PTEN transcription via ZEB1 and inhibits the purine metabolic pathway in breast cancer

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Human Schlafen-5 (SLFN5) is aberrantly involved in tumorigenesis in several types of cancer. However, its implications in breast cancer (BRCA) are unknown. Herein, we demonstrated that SLFN5 expression is negatively associated with the tumour growth of human BRCA using GEO database analysis and

The role of peroxidase-catalyzed activation of aromatic amines in breast cancer.

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Aromatic amines are mammary carcinogens in rodents and exposure to aromatic amines may be associated with increased risk of breast cancer in women. Peroxidases present in milk can oxidize aromatic amines to reactive electrophiles which bind to DNA and induce mutations. Hydrogen peroxide, required

Cyclic AMP inhibits the growth of human breast cancer cells in defined medium.

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Three well-characterized human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7, T47D and Cama-1, have been grown in defined medium in the absence of serum. Under these conditions, the growth of these cells was inhibited by a variety of cyclic AMP elevating agents, including cholera toxin, monobutyryl cyclic AMP,

Epidemiological and biochemical support for a theory on the cause and prevention of breast cancer.

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Damage to the breast epithelium by chemical carcinogens as products of oxygen free radical release can lead to fibroblast proliferation, hyperplasia of epithelium, cellular atypia and breast cancer. Chemical carcinogens may accumulate in breast fluid in the non-lactating breast consequent to

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