Volatile oil profiles of the aerial parts of Jordanian garland, Chrysanthemum coronarium.

OBJECTIVE

The study evaluates, qualitatively and quantitatively, the volatile oil profiles of the aerial parts of Jordanian garland Chrysanthemum coronarium L. (Asteraceae) and compares the findings with literature reports of garland of other sources, in terms of general composition and content of potentially active components.

METHODS

The chemical composition of the essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from dried material composed of flowerheads (FH) and aerial parts except for flowerheads (AEF) was assessed by GC-FID and GC-MS.

CONCLUSIONS

More than 60 components were identified in the studied oils, corresponding to about 99.6 and 99.7% of total oil constituents of FH and AEF, respectively. The oil was characterized by substantial levels of monoterpenes (76.9% in FH and 61.9% in AEF) and moderate levels of sesquiterpenes (15.7% in FH and 27.7% in AEF). The oil from FH was characterized by high levels of oxygenated monoterpenes (64.3%, compared to 15.3% in AEF) and moderate levels of both monoterpene-hydrocarbons (12.6%, compared to 46.6% in AEF as the major fraction) and sesquiterpene-hydrocarbons (14.7%, compared to 23.5% in AEF), while very low levels of oxygenated sesquiterpenes were observed in both oils (1.0% in FH and 4.2% in AEF). The principal oil component was camphor (17.5%) in FH and myrcene (36.7%) in AEF. Other major components identified in the FH oil were santolina triene (4.3%), neoiso-3-thujanol (5.6%), cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (10.8%), perilla aldehyde (11.7%), iso-italicene (4.7%), phenylpropyl butanoate (4.9%), and germacrene D (4.3%), while Z-β-ocimene (5.2%), isobornyl acetate (5.2%), E-β-farnesene (12.1%), and germacrene D (4.5%) were the major constituents of AEF oil.