nitrogenase/atrophy

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LNA-substituted degenerate primers improve detection of nitrogenase gene transcription in environmental samples.

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In order to study the active diazotrophic bacterial community and to capture the majority of its individuals in environmental samples, strategies improving gene detection by increasing sensitivity and efficiency of PCR reactions are highly desirable. Since LNA (locked nucleic acids) modifications

A novel fix- symbiotic mutant of Lotus japonicus, Ljsym105, shows impaired development and premature deterioration of nodule infected cells and symbiosomes.

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Nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between legume plants and rhizobia is established through complex interactions between two symbiotic partners. To identify the host legume genes that play crucial roles in such interactions, we isolated a novel Fix- mutant, Ljsym105, from a model legume Lotus japonicus

Phylogenetic diversity of nitrogenase (nifH) genes in deep-sea and hydrothermal vent environments of the Juan de Fuca Ridge.

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The subseafloor microbial habitat associated with typical unsedimented mid-ocean-ridge hydrothermal vent ecosystems may be limited by the availability of fixed nitrogen, inferred by the low ammonium and nitrate concentrations measured in diffuse hydrothermal fluid. Dissolved N2 gas, the largest

Evaluation of PCR primers for universal nifH gene targeting and for assessment of transcribed nifH pools in roots of Oryza longistaminata with and without low nitrogen input.

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The bias of widely used degenerate nifH-specific primer sets was first tested using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and their application for profiling of complex communities assessed for roots of Oryza longistaminata. When primers (P) with mismatches at nondegenerate positions were

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Molybdenum Trioxide (CAS No. 1313-27-5) in F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies).

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Molybdenum is an essential element for the function of nitrogenase in plants and as a cofactor for enzymes including xanthine oxidoreductase, aldehyde oxidase, and sulfide oxidase in animals. Molybdenum trioxide is used primarily as an additive to steel and corrosion-resistant alloys. It is also

Developmental patterns related to nitrogen fixation in theNostoc-Gunnera magellanica Lam. symbiosis.

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Developmental patterns related to nitrogen fixation in the heterocystous cyanobacteriumNostoc harboured in distinct colonies along the stem ofGunnera magellanica Lam. plantlets were examined using successive plant sections. Pronounced morphological, physiological and biochemical alterations in the

Stress-induced legume root nodule senescence. Physiological, biochemical, and structural alterations.

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Nitrate-fed and dark-stressed bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and pea (Pisum sativum) plants were used to study nodule senescence. In bean, 1 d of nitrate treatment caused a partially reversible decline in nitrogenase activity and an increase in O(2) diffusion resistance, but minimal changes in carbon

Development of a PCR for the detection and identification of cyanobacterial nifD genes.

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In this study we have designed degenerate primers after comparative analysis of nifD gene sequences from public databases, and developed a PCR protocol for the amplification of nifD sequences from cyanobacteria. The primers were tested on a variety of nitrogenase-containing and nitrogenase-lacking

Isolation, cloning, mapping, and nucleotide sequencing of the gene encoding flavodoxin in Escherichia coli.

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The flavodoxins constitute a highly conserved family of small, acidic electron transfer proteins with flavin mononucleotide prosthetic groups. They are found in prokaryotes and in red and green algae, where they provide electrons at low potentials for the reduction of nitrogen by nitrogenase, for

Environmental constraints underpin the distribution and phylogenetic diversity of nifH in the Yellowstone geothermal complex.

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Biological nitrogen fixation is a keystone process in many ecosystems, providing bioavailable forms of fixed nitrogen for members of the community. In the present study, degenerate primers targeting the nitrogenase iron protein-encoding gene (nifH) were designed and employed to investigate the

Planar three-coordinate high-spin Fe(II) complexes with large orbital angular momentum: Mössbauer, electron paramagnetic resonance, and electronic structure studies.

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Mössbauer spectra of [LFe(II)X](0) (L = beta-diketiminate; X = Cl(-), CH(3)(-), NHTol(-), NHtBu(-)), 1.X, were recorded between 4.2 and 200 K in applied magnetic fields up to 8.0 T. A spin Hamiltonian analysis of these data revealed a spin S = 2 system with uniaxial magnetization properties, arising

Sinorhizobium meliloti RpoH1 is required for effective nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with alfalfa.

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Sinorhizobium meliloti is a root-nodulating, nitrogen-fixing bacterium. An S. meliloti strain that is mutant for the rpoH(1) gene, which encodes a sigma(32)-like protein, elicits the formation of ineffective nodules on the host plant alfalfa. We characterized the rpoH(1) mutant for phenotypes

Molecular tools for the detection of nitrogen cycling Archaea.

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Archaea are widespread in extreme and temperate environments, and cultured representatives cover a broad spectrum of metabolic capacities, which sets them up for potentially major roles in the biogeochemistry of their ecosystems. The detection, characterization, and quantification of archaeal

Proteolytic Activity in Soybean Root Nodules : Activity in Host Cell Cytosol and Bacteroids throughout Physiological Development and Senescence.

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Root nodules were harvested from chamber-grown soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill cv Woodworth) plants throughout development. Apparent nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction) peaked before seeds began to develop, but a significant amount of activity remained as the seeds matured. Nodule senescence

Genetic diversity of nifH gene sequences in paenibacillus azotofixans strains and soil samples analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified gene fragments.

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The diversity of dinitrogenase reductase gene (nifH) fragments in Paenibacillus azotofixans strains was investigated by using molecular methods. The partial nifH gene sequences of eight P. azotofixans strains, as well as one strain each of the close relatives Paenibacillus durum, Paenibacillus

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